Chapter 9: Motion and Types of Motion
Solved textbook questions with step-by-step explanations.
Grade 6 Q&A: Chapter 9: Motion and Types of Motion
Welcome to the Questions and Answers section for Grade 6 Environmental Studies (Part One), Chapter 9: "Motion and Types of Motion." This chapter introduces us to the concept of motion, which is fundamental to understanding how things move around us. We will explore various types of motion, such as linear, oscillatory, circular, and random motion, along with real-world examples, to help us observe and describe movement in our daily lives.
Important Questions and Answers
Q1: What is motion?
Answer: Motion is the change in the position of an object with respect to its surroundings over a period of time.
Q2: What is linear motion? Give an example.
Answer: Linear motion is motion in a straight line. Example: A car moving on a straight road, a ball rolling on a flat surface.
Q3: What is oscillatory motion? Give an example.
Answer: Oscillatory motion (or vibratory motion) is a back-and-forth or to-and-fro motion about a fixed position. Example: A swing moving back and forth, the pendulum of a clock.
Q4: What is circular motion? Give an example.
Answer: Circular motion is motion along a circular path. Example: The blades of a fan rotating, a merry-go-round, the hands of a clock.
Q5: What is random motion? Give an example.
Answer: Random motion is irregular or unpredictable motion, where the direction and speed keep changing. Example: The motion of a butterfly, a football player on the field, dust particles in the air.
Q6: What is periodic motion? Give an example.
Answer: Periodic motion is motion that repeats itself at regular intervals of time. Example: The swing of a pendulum, the revolution of the Earth around the Sun, the beating of a heart.
Q7: What is non-periodic motion? Give an example.
Answer: Non-periodic motion is motion that does not repeat itself at regular intervals. Example: A ball falling from a height, a car applying brakes, a bird flying randomly.
Q8: What is speed? How is it calculated?
Answer: Speed is the distance covered by an object in a unit of time. It is calculated as: Speed = Distance / Time.
Q9: What is the unit of speed?
Answer: The common units of speed are meters per second (m/s) or kilometers per hour (km/h).
Q10: Can an object have more than one type of motion simultaneously? Give an example.
Answer: Yes, an object can have more than one type of motion simultaneously. Example: A bicycle wheel undergoes both circular motion (rotation) and linear motion (forward movement).
Q11: Is rest a type of motion? Explain.
Answer: Rest is the state of an object when its position does not change with respect to its surroundings. It is the absence of motion, not a type of motion itself.
Q12: What is the difference between fast and slow motion?
Answer: Fast motion means an object covers a large distance in a short time, while slow motion means an object covers a small distance in the same amount of time, or takes a long time to cover a certain distance.
Q13: Give an example of a uniform linear motion.
Answer: Uniform linear motion is motion in a straight line at a constant speed. Example: A train moving at a constant speed on a straight track.
Q14: Give an example of non-uniform linear motion.
Answer: Non-uniform linear motion is motion in a straight line where the speed changes. Example: A car accelerating or decelerating on a straight road.
Q15: What is the reference point for describing motion?
Answer: A reference point (or fixed point) is an object or place that is considered stationary, against which the motion of another object is measured. For example, a tree or a building.
Q16: How is the motion of a swing an example of periodic motion?
Answer: The motion of a swing is periodic because it repeats its back-and-forth movement over the same path in regular intervals of time.
Q17: What kind of motion does a spinning top show?
Answer: A spinning top shows rotational motion (a type of circular motion where the object spins around its own axis).
Q18: How does the motion of a clock's hands differ from the motion of its pendulum?
Answer: The clock's hands show circular motion, while its pendulum shows oscillatory (and periodic) motion.
Q19: What is the motion of a ball dropped from a height?
Answer: The motion of a ball dropped from a height is an example of linear motion (straight down) and non-uniform motion (speed increases due to gravity).
Q20: Give an example of a combination of linear and circular motion.
Answer: A car moving on a curved road, where the car moves forward (linear) while its wheels rotate (circular).
Q21: Why is the motion of a kite flying in the sky considered random motion?
Answer: The motion of a kite is considered random because its direction and speed are constantly changing due to varying wind currents, making its path unpredictable.
Q22: How can we measure distance?
Answer: Distance can be measured using a measuring tape, ruler, or by calculating it from speed and time (Distance = Speed x Time).
Q23: What is the importance of understanding different types of motion?
Answer: Understanding different types of motion helps us describe and analyze the movement of objects around us, which is crucial in various fields like physics, engineering, and sports.
Q24: Explain the motion of a child on a seesaw.
Answer: The motion of a child on a seesaw is an example of oscillatory motion, as it moves up and down repeatedly about a central pivot.
Q25: What is the difference between rotational and circular motion?
Answer: Circular motion refers to an object moving along a circular path (e.g., a car on a roundabout). Rotational motion refers to an object spinning around its own axis (e.g., a spinning top, Earth rotating on its axis). An object can have both (e.g., a rolling wheel).
Q26: Give an example of a periodic motion that is not oscillatory.
Answer: The Earth revolving around the Sun is periodic but not oscillatory; it follows a fixed path and repeats after a regular interval, but it does not move back and forth about a mean position.
Exercise Solutions
Q1: Fill in the blanks.
- The change in the position of an object is called motion.
- Motion in a straight line is called linear motion.
- The back-and-forth motion is called oscillatory motion.
- Motion along a circular path is called circular motion.
- Motion that repeats itself at regular intervals is called periodic motion.
Q2: Match the pairs.
(Note: As an AI, I cannot create interactive matching. I will provide the correct pairs.)
- Car on a straight road - Linear motion
- Swing - Oscillatory motion
- Fan blades - Circular motion
- Butterfly flying - Random motion
- Pendulum of a clock - Periodic motion
Q3: True or False.
- An object at rest is in motion. False
- A ball rolling on the ground shows circular motion. False
- The motion of a sewing machine needle is periodic. True
- The hands of a clock show oscillatory motion. False
- Speed is distance divided by time. True
Q4: Answer the following questions.
- What is motion? Explain with an example.
Answer: Motion is the change in an object's position over time relative to its surroundings. Example: A person walking from one place to another. - Name and explain two types of motion.
Answer:- Linear Motion: Motion in a straight line (e.g., a car moving on a straight road).
- Oscillatory Motion: Back-and-forth motion about a fixed point (e.g., a swing).
- What is the difference between periodic and non-periodic motion?
Answer: Periodic motion repeats at regular intervals (e.g., pendulum swing), while non-periodic motion does not repeat at regular intervals (e.g., a ball falling). - Can an object have more than one type of motion at the same time? Explain with an example.
Answer: Yes, an object can have more than one type of motion simultaneously. Example: A rolling wheel exhibits both linear motion (forward movement) and circular motion (rotation).
Q5: Give reasons.
- The motion of a swing is periodic.
Reason: The motion of a swing is periodic because it completes one full back-and-forth cycle in a fixed amount of time, repeating its movement at regular intervals. - The motion of a butterfly is random.
Reason: The motion of a butterfly is random because its direction and speed constantly change without any fixed pattern, making its path unpredictable as it flits from flower to flower. - A moving car's wheels show both linear and circular motion.
Reason: A moving car's wheels show linear motion because they move forward along with the car, and they show circular motion because they rotate around their own axis as the car moves.
References
- Maharashtra State Board Environmental Studies (Part One) Standard Six Textbook (2015 Edition) - Chapter 9: Motion and Types of Motion.
- Maharashtra State Board 6th Standard Environmental Studies Syllabus.
- Balbharati Environmental Studies Part 1 Textbook.